通过大学物理课程的学习,学习者系统地掌握自然界公认的基本概念、基本理论和基本方法,同时结合物理实验的基本实验技能的教学,形成科学的世界观,练就科学工作者和工程技术人员所必备的科学素养的重要基础,有利于培养理论联系实际的学习气氛、工作作风;通过大学物理课程的学习,学习者学会用解析法求解、统计法求解和数值法求精确解,提高数学、计算机工具的应用能力;通过大学物理课程的愉快学习,循序渐进、深入浅出、不断地学习-思考-再练习-再思考,培养成不畏艰险、刻苦钻研,决不放过一个疑难问题的精神,树立思辨的信心,练就战胜困难的本领。
大学物理涵盖力学(包括质点运动学、质点动力学、刚体运动学、刚体动力学)、电磁学(静电场、稳恒磁场、电磁感应电磁波)、热学(宏观热力学、微观分子气体运动论)、振动与波动、波动光学(光的干涉、光的衍射、光的偏振)、近代物理(狭义相对论、量子力学基础)。大学物理教学从日常生活中的所见所闻引入物理学概念、总结物理学定理和定律,并采用英文标注;在大学物理教学中,引入演示实验与演示实验录像,增强学习者的感性认识;应用计算机技术在各章节进行精确地求解复杂的问题,图示计算的结果,减少随手绘制的示意图;拓展性教学栏目的内容,满足学有余力的同学自学,每个例题给出分析过程或者实验引导。
绪论(1学时) Introduction (1 credit hour)
§0.1 国际单位与坐标系 (§0.1 International Units and Coordinate Systems)
§0.2 标量与矢量 (§0.2 Scalars and Vectors)
第0章单元测验
第一篇 力学 Ch1 质点运动学 (First Mechanical Ch1 Particle Kinematics)
§1.1 质点运动在直角坐标系的表示(1学时) (§1.1 Representation of Particle Motion in Rectangular Coordinate System (1 credit hour))
§1.2 质点运动在自然坐标系中的表示(2学时) (§1.2 Representation of Particle Motion in Natural Coordinate System (2 credit hours))
§1.3 相对运动(1学时) (§1.3 Relative Motion (1 credit hour))
§1.4 计算机在质点运动学上的应用 (§1.4 Application of Computer in Particle Kinematics)
§1.5 质点运动学拓展性内容 (§1.5 Particle Kinematics Expansion)
第一篇 力学 Ch2 质点动力学 (First Mechanical Ch2 Particle Dynamics)
§2.1 牛顿运动定律(2学时) (§ 2.1 Newton\'s Law of Motion (2 credit hours))
§2.2 功和能(3学时) (§2.2 Work and Energy (3 credit hours))
§2.3 动量与动量(2学时) (§2.3 Momentum and Momentum (2 credit hours))
§2.4 碰撞(1学时) (§2.4 Collision (1 credit hour))
§2.5 质点的动量矩与动量矩守恒定律(1学时) (§2.5 Moment of Momentum and Conservation Law of Moment of Momentum of Particle (1 credit hour))
§2.6 计算机在质点动力学上的应用 (§2.6 Application of Computer in Particle Dynamics)
§2.7 质点动力学拓展性内容 (§2.7 Particle Dynamics Expansion)
第一篇 力学 Ch3 刚体的定轴转动 ( First Mechanical Ch3 Rigid-body of the Fixed Axis Rotation)
§3.1 刚体运动学(1学时) (§3.1 Rigid-body Kinematics (1 credit hour))
§3.2 力矩、转动定律、转动惯量(3学时) (§3.2 Moment, Law of Rotation, Moment of Inertia (3 credit hours))
§3.3 力矩的功、转动动能、刚体的动能定理(3学时) (§3.3 Work of Torque, Rotational Kinetic Energy, Kinetic Energy Theorem of Rigid-body (3 credit hours))
§3.4 刚体的动量矩与动量矩守恒定律(3学时) (§3.4 The Conservation Law of Moment of Motion and Moment of Motion of Rigid-body (3 credit hours))
§3.5 计算机在刚体定轴转动中的应用 (§3.5 Application of Computer in Fixed Axis Rotation of Rigid-body)
§3.6 刚体定轴转动拓展性内容 (§3.6 Expansion of Rigid-body with Fixed Axis Rotation)
第3章单元测验 (Chapter 3 Unit Tests)
第三篇 电磁场 Ch7 稳恒磁场 (Third Electromagnetic Field Ch7 Steady Magnetic Field)
§7.1 磁感应强度(1 学时) (§ 7.1 Magnetic Induction Intensity)
§7.2 毕奥-萨伐尔-拉普拉斯定理(2学时) (§ 7.2 Biot Savart Laplace Theorem)
§7.3 磁场中的高斯定理(1学时) (§ 7.3 Gauss Theorem in Magnetic Field)
§7.4 安培环路定理(2学时) (§ 7.4 Ampere Loop Theorem)
§7.5 载流导线在磁场中的运动(2 学时) (§ 7.5 Movement of Current Carrying Conductor in Magnetic Field)
§7.6 带电粒子在电场和磁场中的运动(1学时) (§ 7.6 Movement of Charged Particles in Electric and Magnetic Fields)
§7.7 计算机在稳恒磁场中的应用 (§ 7.7 Application of Computer in Stable Magnetic Field)
§7.8 稳恒磁场拓展性内容(1学时) (§ 7.8 Expansion Content of Stable Magnetic Field)
第三篇 电磁场 Ch8 电磁感应与电磁波 (Third Electromagnetic Field Ch8 Electromagnetic Induction and Electromagnetic Waves)
§8.1 电磁感应定律(1学时) (§ 8.1 Electromagnetic Induction Law)
§8.2 感应电动势(2学时) (§ 8.2 Induced Electromotive Force)
§8.3 麦克斯韦电磁场理论(1学时) (8.3 Maxwell Theory of Electromagnetic Field)
§8.4 计算机在电磁感应中的应用 (§ 8.4 Application of Computer in Electromagnetic Induction)
§8.5 电磁感应拓展性内容 (§ 8.5 Extended Content of Electromagnetic Induction)
第8章单元测验 (Chapter 8 Unit Tests)
第二篇 热学 Ch4 气体动理论 (Second Heat Ch4 Kinetic Theory of Gas)
§4.1 分子运动的微观本质(1学时) (§4.1 Microscopic Nature of Molecular Motion (1 credit hour))
§4.2 理想气体模型(1学时) (§4.2 Ideal Gas model (1 credit hour))
§4.3 麦克斯韦速率分布(2学时) (§ 4.3 Maxwell Rate Distribution (2 credit hours))
§4.4 温度的微观本质(0.5学时) (§4.4 Microscopic Nature of Temperature (0.5 credit hours))
§4.5 能量按自由度均分(0.5学时) (§4.5 Energy is Divided equally according to Degrees of Freedom (0.5 credit hours))
§4.6 计算机在气体动理论中的应用 (§4.6 Application of Computer in Gas Dynamic Theory)
§4.7 气体动理论拓展性内容 (§4.7 Expansion of Gas Dynamic Theory)
气体动理论单元测验 (Gas Dynamic Theory Unit Test)
第二篇 热学 Ch5 热力学基础 (Second Heat Ch5 Thermodynamic Basis)
§5.1 理想气体状态方程(1学时) (§5.1 Ideal Gas Equation of State)
§5.2 内能、功、热量 热力学第一定律(1学时) (§5.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics of Internal Energy, Work, and Heat)
§5.3 等温过程 (§5.3 Isothermal Process)
§5.4 绝热过程(2学时) (§5.4 Adiabatic Process)
§5.5 循环过程(1学时) (§5.5 Cyclic Process)
§5.6 热力学第二定律 (§5.6 Second law of Thermodynamics)
§5.7 卡诺循环与卡诺定理(2学时) (§5.7 Carnot Cycle and Carnot Theorem)
§5.8 计算机在热力学问题中的应用 (§5.8 Application of Computers in Thermodynamic Problems)
§5.9 热力学的拓展性内容 (§5.9 Expansion of Thermodynamics)
第六篇 近代物理 Ch12 狭义相对论基础 (Bian Six Modern Physics Ch12 Special Relativity Foundation)
§12.1 力学相对性原理 伽利略变换(1学时) (§ 12.1 Principle of Mechanical Relativity, Galileo Transformation)
§12.2 狭义相对论两条基本假设 洛伦兹变换(1学时) (§ 12.2 Two Basic Assumptions of Special Relativity, Lorentz Ttransformations)
§12.3 狭义相对论时空观(2学时) (§12.3 Time and Space View of Special Relativity)
§12.4 狭义相对论动力学(2学时) (§12.4 Dynamics of Special Relativity)
§12.5 计算机在狭义相对论中的应用 (§12.5 Application of Computer in Special Relativity)
§12.6 狭义相对论的拓展性内容 (§12.6 Extended Content of Special Relativity)
第三篇 电磁场 ch6 静电场 (Second Electromagnetic Field ch6 Electrostatic Field)
绪论 (Introduction)
§6.1 库仑定律(1学时) (§ 6.1 Coulomb\'s Law)
§6.2 电场强度(2学时) (§ 6.2 Electric Field Intensity)
§6.3 高斯定理(2学时) (§ 6.3 Gauss Theorem)
§6.4 静电场环路定理 电势能与电势(3学时) (§ 6.4 Electrostatic Field Loop Theorem; Electric Potential Energy and Electric Potential)
§6.5 电场强度与电势关系(1学时) (§ 6.5 relationship between Electric Field Intensity and Electric Potential)
§6.6 静电场中的导体(3学时) (§ 6.6 Conductors in Electrostatic Fields)
§6.7 计算机在静电场中的应用
§6.8 静电场拓展性内容(2学时)
第四篇 振动与波 Ch9 简谐振动 (Fourth Vibration and Wave Ch9 Simple Harmonic Vibration)
§9.1 简谐振动及判据(1学时) (§9.1 Simple Harmonic Vibration and Criterion)
§9.2 简谐振动位移、速度、加速度 (§9.2 Simple Harmonic Vibration Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration)
§9.3 简谐振动三要素(1学时) (§9.3 Three Elements of Simple Harmonic Vibration)
§9.4 简谐振动的能量(1学时) (§9.4 Energy of Simple Harmonic Vibration)
§9.5 简谐振动的合成(2学时) (§9.5 Synthesis of Simple Harmonic Vibrations)
§9.6 计算机在气体动理论中的应用 (§9.6 Application of Computer in Gas Dynamic Theory)
§9.7 简谐振动拓展性内容 (§9.7 Simple Harmonic Vibration Expansion)
简谐振动单元测验 (Simple Harmonic Vibration Unit Test)
第四篇 振动与波 Ch10 机械波 (Fourth Vibration and Wave Ch10 Mechanical Wave)
§10.1 机械波(1学时) (§ 10.1 Mechanical Wave)
§10.2 平面简谐波(1学时) (§10.2 Plane Simple Harmonic Wave)
§10.3 波动微分方程(1学时) (§10.3 Wave Differential Equations)
§10.4 波的能量(1学时) (§10.4 Wave Energy)
§10.5 惠更斯原理(1学时) (§ 10.5 Huygens\' Principle)
§10.6 波的合成 驻波(2学时) (§10.6 Synthetic of the Wave Standing Waves)
§10.7 计算机在机械波中的应用 (§10.7 Application of Computer in Mechanical Wave)
§10.8 机械波的拓展性内容 (§10.8 Expansion of Mechanical Waves)
机械波单元测验 (Mechanical Wave Unit Test)
机械波单元作业 (Mechanical Wave Unit Assignment)
第五篇 波动光学基础 Ch11波动光学基础 (Bian 5 Basis of Wave Optics Ch11 Basis of Wave Optics)
§11.1 光是电磁波(1学时) (§11.1 Light is an Electromagnetic Wave)
§11.2 杨氏双缝干涉(1学时) (§ 11.2 Young\'s Double Slit Interference)
§11.3 光程与光程差 薄膜干涉(2学时) (§11.3 Optical Path and Optical Path Difference Film Interference)
§11.4 惠更斯-菲涅耳原理 单缝的夫琅禾费衍射(2学时) (§ 11.4 Huygens - Fresnel Principle Single Slit Fraunhofer Diffraction)
§11.5 衍射光栅与衍射光谱(2学时) (§11.5 Diffraction Grating and Diffraction Spectrum)
§11.6 线偏振光 马吕斯定律 布儒斯特定律(2学时) (§ 11.6 Linearly Polarized Light Marius\' Law Brewster\'s Law)
§11.7 计算机在波动光学中的应用 (§11.7 Application of Computer in Wave Optics)
§11.8 波动光学的拓展性内容 (§11.8 Expansion of Wave Optics)
第六篇 近代物理 Ch13 量子物理基础 (Sixth Modern Physics Ch13 Fundamentals of Quantum Physics )
§13.1 黑体辐射 普朗克量子假设(1学时) (§ 13.1 Planck Quantum Hypothesis of Black-body Radiation)
§13.2 光电效应 爱因斯坦光子理论(1学时) (§ 13.2 Photoelectric Effect Einstein\'s Photon Theory)
§13.3 康普顿效应(2学时) (§ 13.3 Compton Effect)
§13.4 玻尔氢原子理论(2学时) (§13.4 Bohr Hydrogen Atom Theory)
§13.5 微观粒子波粒二象性 不确定关系(1学时) (§13.5 The Wave-particle Duality of Microscopic Particles, Uncertainty Relation)
§13.6 一维定态薛定谔方程 四个量子数(1学时) (§13.6 One-dimensional Steady State Schrödinger Equation, Four Quantum Numbers)
§13.7 原子的电子壳层结构 (§13.7 Electron Shell Structure of Atoms)
§13.8 计算机在量子物理中的应用 (§13.8 Application of Computers in Quantum Physics)
§13.9 量子物理的拓展性内容 (§13.9 Expansion of Quantum Physics)