第一章Unit 1 Gloalization and Intercultural Communication

第一单元：全球化与跨文化交际（2学时）
1、教学内容
了解全球化与跨文化交际之间的必然联系及其历史发展。
讲授内容
(1)全球化定义与经济全球化现状；
(2)“地球村”术语的诞生及地球村民在全球化交际中的挑战；
(3)跨文化交际的历史与发展。
2、教学重点和难点
经济全球化在全球化过程中的占比，促成全球化现状的原因。
思考阐释对“地球村”表述持反对态度的原因；
阐释跨文化交际的发展历程并对个案进行分析与分享。
Unit 1 Globalization and Intercultural Commnuincation
Since modern transportation and communications reduce time and the distance, the whole world has become a village, a global village. The development of economic globalization gives every global villager a greater possibility to be involved in communication with people from different culture. So it’s a necessity to know the importance of intercultural communication. In this unit, we’ll focus on the definition and causes of globalization, global village’s social effects and the origin of intercultural communication in modern history.

●1.1Introduction to Intercultural Communication

Unit 1-1 Introduction to Intercultural Communication
This section is an introduction to intercultural communication based on the topics in this textbook so as to develop cross cultural awareness and improve intercultural communication competence. Discovering something unknown in this course is just like a journey and adventure, and being a pilot in this journey can help students observe, learn and reach their goals.

●1.2Globalization

Unit 1-2 Globalization
This section focuses on globalization’s definition, its causes in politics, technology, history, globalization’s impacts on macroeconomics, income inequality, culture and environment. Audiences can get an overall understanding of globalization.

●1.3Thinking Globally

Unit 1-3 Global Village
This section gives a general description about the concept “global village”, introducing its historic origin, definition, social effects in positive or negative term and its prospects. It’s vital for everyone to be aware of the social effects on human real life.

第二章Unit 2 Communication and Culture

第二单元：交际与文化（2学时）
1、教学内容
了解交际的概念、交际的基本要素以及文化的含义和形象。
讲授内容
(1)交际的组成部分；
(2)文化的多重含义；
(3)文化的形象与解读。
2、教学重点和难点
掌握交际的概念，了解交际就是文化，文化就是交际的含义所在。
讨论分析交际的要素及人们在交际中所扮演的角色；
显性文化与隐形文化图示解读及个案分析。
Unit 2 Communication and Culture
As Edward T. Hall points out, “Culture is communication and communication is culture.” You “learn” your culture via communication, and at the same time, communication is a reflection of culture. They are inseparable. The study of intercultural communication is the study of culture and communication, therefore, in this unit, we will have a better understanding of communication through learning the essential components of it. Besides, we will focus on the components of culture by using two diagrams, and illustrate the functions of culture.

●2.1A Wide-Angle View of Communication

Unit 2-1 Communication
Communication is our link to the rest of humanity. From birth to death, all kinds of communication play an integral part in our lives. This section focuses on the essential components of communication and the process of communication briefly, which can help to understand the definition of communication.

●2.2Culture and Its Images

Unit 2-2 Culture and Its Components
What does “culture” mean to us? It may mean many things. This section focuses on culture and its components by using two diagrams for illustration. The onion-diagram helps to illustrate the different components of culture, and the iceberg model further describes what the values consist of.

●2.3Functions of Culture

Unit 2-3 Functions of Culture
What does culture do for human beings? Why do we need culture? As an essential component of the effort of human beings to survive and thrive in their particular environment, culture serves multiple functions. This section illustrates five functions of culture, which can help to have a further understanding of culture.

第三章Unit 3 Verbal Communication

第三单元：言语交际（2学时）
1、教学内容
了解言语交际在跨文化交际中的定义、特征、地位与作用。
讲授内容
(1)跨文化交际中言语交际的概念内涵；
(2)直接交际与间接交际模式的特点；
(3)中西文化中的称谓对比与解析。
2、教学重点和难点
掌握言语交际在跨文化交际中的特点、共性与差异。
思考并讨论言语交际中直接交际与间接交际模式所产生的效果。
Unit 3 Verbal Communication
The importance of study of verbal language as part of intercultural communication is clearly captured in “Language has created the word ‘loneliness’ to express the pain of being alone and the word ‘solitude’ to express the joy of being alone.” So our task in this unit is to develop an understanding and appreciation of verbal language as it functions in intercultural communication. Definitions and functions of verbal communication will first be covered. However, different countries have different ways of saying things. Thus direct and indirect communication styles will be examined, and cultural differences in verbal communication will also be illustrated.

●3.1Understanding Verbal Communication

Unit 3-1 Verbal Communication
This section focuses on the topic of verbal communication by covering the definitions, functions of verbal communication, and the cultural differences in intercultural verbal communication.

●3.2Direct and Indirect Communication Styles

Unit 3-2 Direct and Indirect Communication Styles
This section focuses on the topic of communication styles by covering the definitions of communication styles, direct and indirect communication styles, and then comparisons and contrasts of the two styles.

●3.3Cultural Difference in Verbal Communication

Unit 3-3 Cultural Differences in Verbal Communication
This section focuses on the topic of cultural differences in verbal communication by covering the reasons for these differences from the lexical, syntactic and textual levels, and the way to improve the verbal communication.

第四章Unit 4 Non-verbal Communication

第四单元：非言语交际（2学时）
1、教学内容
掌握非言语交际的内涵、特点及中外文化非言语交际的异同。
讲授内容
(1)非言语交际的基本概念与特点；
(2)身势学与空间学的内容与作用；
(3)副语言与时间学在现实中的体现。
2、教学重点和难点
掌握非言语交际的含义、特点以及在现实中的功能。
肢体语言、人类空间学在不同文化中的应用与效果；
思考并讨论中西文化中时间概念的理解与冲突，就个案进行分析讨论。
Unit 4 Non-verbal Communication
Nonverbal communication refers to communication without the use of words. Nonverbal communication can be classified into four categories like kinesics, proxemics, paralanguage and chronemics. In this unit, the functions of nonverbal communication, body language decoding and personal space are highly stressed. The importance of nonverbal communication tells us that sometimes nonverbal signals play a more decisive role than verbal messages in determining communicative effects, so the need to master the knowledge of nonverbal behavior in another culture increases the challenge of working successfully in an international context.

●4.1Body Language Decoding in Nonverbal Communication

Unit 4-1 Body Language Decoding
This section focuses on body language decoding in nonverbal communication. The differences in nonverbal communication among cultures are pretty striking. When people communicate over cultures, it makes sense to learn in advance about their cultures so that misunderstandings and misinterpretations can be minimized.

●4.2Proxemics: The Hidden Power of Nonverbal Communication

Unit 4-2 Proxemics: The Hidden Power of Nonverbal Communication
Proxemics refers to the study of how human beings and animals use space in the communication process. And acceptable space between individuals varies widely among cultures. Every culture has a set of hidden cultural rules concerning the physical space between people when communicating. Breaking any of these rules could be interpreted as impolite or even threatening.

●4.3Contradicting Function

Unit 4-3 Contradicting in Nonverbal Communication
This section focuses on the functions of nonverbal communication. Contradicting is one of the functions in nonverbal communication, Contradicting refers to the communication that sends conflicting information verbally or nonverbally. When contradictory messages are sent through both verbal and nonverbal channels, people tend to choose nonverbal actions, and the reason is demonstrated as well.

第五章Unit 5 Cultural Values

第五单元：文化价值观（2学时）
1、教学内容
了解文化价值观在跨文化交际中的迥异，价值观与交际之间的关系。
讲授内容
(1)价值观与交际，价值观与跨文化交际；
(2)中外文化关于友谊的处理；
(3)中外文化家庭结构的特点与异同。
2、教学重点和难点
掌握跨文化交际中价值观的多元性以及价值观形成的背景。
分析探讨中外文化价值观形成的背景，学习跨文化交际的应对策略。
Unit 5 Cultural Values
Cultural values are the elements or convictions common to a group of people, which determine the way of being and guide the behavior and decisions of individuals within the same group. Values are the most important variables in intercultrural communication as differences in values create gaps in communication and could even cause non-communication. In this unit, we will focus on patterns of friendship in different cultures as well as family values in different countries so that we can communicate interculturally.

●5.1Culture Shock

Unit 5-1 Cultural Values
Cultural values play a critical part in intercultural communication. This section elaborates on the cultural values’ definition, two typical attitudes towards them, the cultural differences between the Chinese and the Westerners, and the recommended strategies to adopt in intercultural communication.

●5.2Patterns of Friendship

Unit 5-2 Patterns of Friendship
This section mainly discusses different patterns of friendship in different cultures. It first introduces various levels of friendship, and then compares the patterns of friendship between people in China and America. Lastly, some tips are offered on how to make friends with Americans in college.

●5.3Family Values

Unit 5-3 Family Values
This section offers a general account of definition of family, forms of family and family values. Due to cultural diversity, family values differ sharply around the world. In some cultures, the family is the center of life; while in other cultures, the individual is primary. Some cultures value the elderly, while others do not show great respect for them.

第六章Culture Shock

第六单元：文化休克（2学时）
1、教学内容
了解跨文化交际中文化休克的概念以及文化休克在跨文化交际中的特征。
讲授内容
(1)文化休克的概念以及几个阶段的划分；
(2)导致文化休克的原因、症状及造成的影响；
(3)文化休克的适应过程及自我调节的能力。
2、教学重点和难点
了解跨文化交际导致文化休克的原因和阶段症状，自我调节逐渐适应文化转型。
讨论文化休克给人们带来的不同程度的影响，进行个案分析。
Unit 6 Culture Shock
When an individual enters an alien culture, he or she is like a fish out of water, he or she may suffer from cultural shock. And if we have to be exposed to a new culture for an extended period of time, we need to cope with the cultural changes brought about by continuous firsthand contact with another culture.Then we have to develop some adaptive cultural transformation competence to make ourselves adapt to the new culture as quickly as possible. Therefore, this unit will cover culture shock, reverse culture shock and cultural adaptation.

●6.1Culture Shock

Unit 6-1 Culture Shock
This section centers around the topic: Culture Shock, which is psychological condition of confusion and anxiety affecting a person suddenly exposed to an alien culture. The phases, causes and symptoms of culture shock are also described in details in this part. The four stages of culture shock are honeymoon, culture shock, adjustment and adaptation. And the process of culture shock is like a journey so that it’s a must for people to observe, learn and adapt to new cultures. So to speak, effectively dealing with culture shock requires recognition of culture shock occurrences to overcome culture shock with stable adaptations.

●6.2Cultural Adapative Transformation Competence

Unit 6-2 Cultural Adaptation
This section focuses on cultural adaptation. If we have to be exposed to a new culture for an extended period of time, we need to cope with the cultural shock brought about by continuous firsthand contact with another culture. And we have to develop some competence to make ourselves adapt to the new culture as quickly as possible.

●6.3Reverse Culture Shock

Unit 6-3 Reverse Culture Shock
This section focuses on reverse culutre shock. Moving from one culture to another, people may suffer from culture shock. However, when they return home, most will actually suffer from reverse culture shock, experiencing more stress during reentry than during their entry into another culture. Solutions are needed to solve the serious problem.

第七章Intercultural Communication Competence

第七单元：跨文化交际能力（2学时）
1、教学内容
了解跨文化交际能力的构成要素，提升学生跨文化交际的实际水平和能力，。
讲授内容
(1)跨文化交际能力的界定；
(2)影响有效进行跨文化交际的潜在障碍；
(3)提高跨文化交际能力的基本要素及其策略。
2、教学重点和难点
了解阻碍有效进行跨文化交际的重要因素，掌握提高跨文化交际能力的方法和策略；
分析讨论影响跨文化交际顺利进行的缘由，克服障碍提升跨文化交际技能；
对个案进行分析探讨，提升学生跨文化交际能力和思辨能力。
Unit 7 Intercultural Communcation Competence
With the rapid development of economic globalization, intercultural communication has mushroomed. However, even in one country, sharing with similar cultures and customs, people still will find it hard to communicate, let alone people with different cultural backgrounds. Therefore, it is essential and urgent to develop intercultural communication competence. In this unit, we will center on competence required in the process of cross-cultural communication and potential barriers to effective intercultural communication, for identification of these problems will give insight into the components of intercultural communication competence and guide us to improve intercultural communication as well.

●7.1Intercultural Communication Competence

Unit 7-1 Intercultural Communication Competence
This section focuses on intercultural communication competence by watching and analyzing the case of The Gua Sha Treatment to have students and other learners understand the definition and components of ICC. Meanwhile, some terms about how to improve and develop intercultural communication competence are presented here such as self-awareness, empathy and some other potential barriers. Learn to communicate effectively and appropriately in intercultural environments, and you will possess intercultural communication competence.

●7.2Stereotype in Intercultural Communication

Unit 7-2 Stereotypes in Intercultural Communication
This section focuses on stereotypes in intercultural communication. Any time you group races or individuals together and make a judgment about them without knowing them, and that is stereotype. To avoid stereotypes and develop effective intercultural communication, it is essential to figure out the causes of stereotypes and ways to work it out.

●7.3Empathy Development

Unit 7-3 Empathy Development in Intercultural Communication
This section focuses on empathy development in intercultural communication. To communicate efficiently and sufficiently in today’s diversified world, we need to develop empathy---be able to see things from the perspective of others, which is applied to overcome the cultural barriers in intercultural communication.

第八章Intercultural Communicaiton for Education

第八单元：教育语境中的跨文化交际（2学时）
1、教学内容
了解高等教育语境下的跨文化交际与跨文化课堂的学习方式。
讲授内容
(1)跨文化交际中教育的角色作用；
(2)了解多元文化及文化相对论；
(3)中西文化及学生的学习模式对比。
2、教学重点和难点
掌握跨文化交际下的教育目标，了解不同文化背景下学生的学习风格。
分析讨论案例中学生考试成绩优秀，认真听讲却拒绝主动提问的现象，设计应对方案。
Unit 8 Intercultural Communication for Edcuation
Educatos today are faced with challenge to prepare students from diverse cultural backgrounds to live in a world in which some groups have greater societal benefits than others because of race, ethnicty, language, religion, etc. To meet this challege, educational systems will have to constantly adapt to the ever-changing cultural dynamics. In this unit, we’ll understand that the need for effective multicultural education is therefore an issue that must be faced by the educational establishment. Also, educators need to clasrify the culturally influenced learning preferences, like cognitive styles, so as to determine how students from diverse backgrounds best learn.

●8.1Awareness of Interculutral Communication in a Classroom Setting

Unit 8-1 Intercultural Awareness in a Classroom Setting
This section focuses on intercultural awareness in a classroom setting. As the foundation of communication, intercultural awareness involves two qualities: one is the awareness of one’s own culture; the other is the awareness of another culture. With the process of internationalization, Intercultural awareness is becoming increasingly vital to smooth communication in a cross-cultural classroom setting.

●8.2Understanding Multicultural Education

Unit 8-2 Multicultral Education
This section elaborates on multicultural education by covering two questions of what and why. Multicultural education is espeically practiced in America and also many other cultures as the world is becoming a global village. Finnish multicultural education is the most successful case in point as its national curriculum now implemented in a globalizing context tends to be more social justice-oriented.

●8.3Learning Preferences in Multicultural Classroom

Unit 8-3 Learning Styles in Multicultural Classrooms
This section mainly discusses the types of culturally-bounded learning styles in three perspectives like relational styles, motivation styles, and cognitive styles, and particularly focuses on cognitive styles through four dimensions. An impressive case is also discussed to reveal the big challenge facing to educators in dealing with students’ behavioral and academic performances in multicultural classrooms.

第九章Intercultural Communication for Business

第九单元：国际商务跨文化交际（2学时）
1、教学内容
了解全球职场跨文化交际策略，提升国际商务跨文化交际能力。
讲授内容
(1)了解国际贸易中跨文化交际策略，诸如跨文化团队建设与协调，跨文化人力资源战略，语言培训及跨文化谈判技巧等；
(2)促成国际商务成功的先决条件和技能；
(3)全球职场跨文化交际中的管理战略及白金法则。
2、教学重点和难点
国际商贸中管理方式、企业文化、人力资源及公共关系的协调合作。
国际贸易跨国企业的多元文化、互动技巧及不确定性的包容度。
Unit 9 Intercultural Communication for Busniess
A key to being successful in business internationally is to understand business culture as it is related to behavior, ethics, etiquette and more. High level of knowledge of international cultural difference in business can help build international competencies, although it is hard to be aware of every single aspect of each country’s organizational culture. In this unit, we’ll focus on such dynamics as business protocol, and negotiation and conflict management by considering some specific cultures like the Philippines, Brazil, India, and China to illustrate the culturally different cmmnunicating styles applied in the international business settings

●9.1Business Cultures

Unit 9-1 Business Culture
This section offers a general account of business culture’s definition, culture’s impacts on business. And it takes an example of the Filipino business culture to demonstrate the cultural differences in business.

●9.2Business Protocols

Unit 9-2 Business Protocols
This section elaborates on one of the culture dynamics, that is, business protocols by introducing how they are applied in in making initial contacts and greeting behavior in international business context, and communication problems that may arise due to different cultural rules practiced in business protocols.

●9.3Negotiation and Conflict Resolutions

Unit 9-3 Business Negotication and Conflict Resolution
This section focuses on business negotiation and conflict resolution. Negotiation contains persuasive elements as part of the negotiation process, so in international business negotiations, culture plays a critical role when representatives from different cultural backgrounds set out to try to reach an accord acceptable to both sides. Success in international business negotiation requires that you know and understand the basic features of it.

第十章Intercultural Communication for Cyberspace

第十单元：虚拟世界中的跨文化交际（2学时）
1、教学内容
跨文化交际中新媒体的冲击及社交媒体在跨文化交际中的作用。
讲授内容
(1)语言的变迁与网络语言的发展；
(2)新媒体的诞生发展对传统媒体的冲击；
(3)社交媒体对跨文化交际的影响作用。
2、教学重点和难点
网络语言的发展与变化；
新媒体与社交媒体对跨文化交际的影响。
虚拟网络对跨文化交际的影响，就不同个案进行分析讨论。
Unit 10 Intercultural Communication for Cyperspace
With the development of computer technology and Internet social networking, language still gorws and changes overime. Intercultural communication begins when people from different cultural backgrounds meet. Cyberspace has made it easier for us to communicate with people all over the world, but at the same time, the impact of new media on intercultural communication and the role of social media in intercultural communication should not be neglected. In this unit, living language for cyberspace, the impact of new media on IC, and the role of social media in IC will be covered to illustrate the topic.

●10.1Living Language and Cyberspace

Unit 10-1 Living Languages in Cyberspace
Languages, like people, can live and die. This section focuses on the topic of living languages for cyberspace by covering the definitons of dead languages and living languages, and the reasons for living language in cyberspace.

●10.2New Media in Intercultural Communication

Unit 10-2 New Media in Intercultural Communication
New media are so penetrating in our lives to the extent that we cannot live without them. We use new media devices, such as computer and mobile phones, to finish our work, to connect others and to do shopping, etc. Then, what are new media? How do new media affect our interpersonal communication? This section will answer these questions.

●10.3Social Media in Intercultural Communication

Unit 10-3 Social Media in Intercutltural Communication
This section focuses on social media in tercultural communication by covering the definition, different types, distinctive features, and various functions of social media, followed by an introduction of some cases where social media is widely applied and some ways to deal with intercultural differences in using social media.