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第一章Introduction to Academic Writing
In this chapter, we’ll give a general introduction to the origin, objectives, teaching contents, teaching and learning methods of this course.
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●1.1Origin of the Course
Origin of the Course
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●1.2Course Objectives
Course Objectives
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●1.3Course Structure
Course Structure
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●1.4 Learning and Teaching Methods
Learning and Teaching Methods
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第二章Asking Questions, Finding Answers
In this chapter, we discuss how to find a topic among your interests, refine it to a manageable scope, then question it to find the makings of a problem that can guide your research. We explain how to turn a question into a problem that readers think is worth solving.
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●2.1From an Interest to a Topic
From an Interest to a Topic
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●2.2 From a Broad Topic to a Focused Topic
From a Broad Topic to a Focused Topic
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●2.3 From a Focused Topic to Questions
From a Focused Topic to Questions
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●2.4Identifying the Signifcance of Research Question
Identifying the Signifcance of Research Question
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●2.5From Questions to a Problem
From Questions to a Problem
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●2.6 Finding a Good Research Problem
Finding a Good Research Problem
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第三章Conducting Research and Evaluating Sources
If you are a new researcher and expect to find most of your sources in your library or on the Internet, this chapter will help you develop a plan for your research.
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●3.1 Different Types of Sources
Different Types of Sources
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●3.2Steps and Strategies of Finding Sources
Steps and Strategies of Finding Sources
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●3.3Navigating the 21st Century Library
Navigating the 21st Century Library
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●3.4Locating Sources on the Internet
Locating Sources on the Internet
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●3.5Evaluating Sources for Relevance and Reliability
Evaluating Sources for Relevance and Reliability
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第四章Engaging Sources
To make your research reliable, you must use your sources fairly and accurately. In this chapter, we explain how to engage your sources productively, and how to take notes so that readers can trust you when you rely on or critique a source.
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●4.1Defining Reading
Defining Reading
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●4.2Reading for a Problem
Reading for a Problem
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●4.3 Reading for Arguments
Reading for Arguments
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●4.4Reading for Data and Support
Reading for Data and Support
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●4.5Taking Notes
Taking Notes
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●4.6Annotating Your Sources and Working Bibliography
Annotating Your Sources and Working Bibliography
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第五章Prewriting and Planning
Once you’ve assembled your argument, you might be ready to draft it. But experienced writers know that time spent planning a first draft more than pays off when they start writing it. A plan helps you organize the elements of your argument into a form that will be both coherent and persuasive to your readers.
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●5.1Defining Prewriting and Planning
Defining Prewriting and Planning
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●5.2Planning a Working Introduction
Planning a Working Introduction
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●5.3Planning the Body of Your Paper
Planning the Body of Your Paper
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●5.4Planning a Working Conclusion
Planning a Working Conclusion
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●5.5Writing a Research Proposal
Writing a Research Proposal
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第六章Writing Your Argument
In this chapter, we explain what a research argument is and the five questions whose answers constitute one.
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●6.1Turning Your Plan into a Draft
Turning Your Plan into a Draft
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●6.2Basic Elements of an Argument
Basic Elements of an Argument
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●6.3Making Claims
Making Claims
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●6.4Assembling Reasons and Evidence
Assembling Reasons and Evidence
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●6.5Acknowledgments and Responses
Acknowledgments and Responses
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●6.6Warrants
Warrants
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●6.7Challenging Others' Warrants
Challenging Others' Warrants
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●6.8Forms of Reasoning
Forms of Reasoning
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●6.9Arguments About Meanings
Arguments About Meanings
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第七章Revising Your Argument
This chapter presents a procedure for organizing and revising your drafts so that your argument is as clear to your readers as it is to you. At first this procedure may seem a bit mechanical, but that’s its virtue. If you follow it one step at a time, you can analyze and improve the organization of your draft efficiently and reliably.
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●7.1Revising Your Frame
Revising Your Frame
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●7.2Revising Your Argument
Revising Your Argument
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●7.3Revising the Organization of Your Paper
Revising the Organization of Your Paper
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●7.4Revising Your Introduction
Revising Your Introduction
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●7.5Revising Your Conclusion
Revising Your Conclusion
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●7.6Writing and Revising Your Abstracts
Writing and Revising Your Abstracts
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第八章Incorporating Sources and the Ethics of Research
Nothing sets the experienced researcher apart from the beginner more than the effective use of sources. But even a beginning researcher can project an ethos of credibility by following a few principles that show respect both for the writer’s sources and for readers.
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●8.1Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing Appropriately
Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing Appropriately
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●8.2Integrating Direct Quotation into Your Text
Integrating Direct Quotation into Your Text
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●8.3The Social Importance of Citing Sources
The Social Importance of Citing Sources
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●8.4Four Common Citation Styles
Four Common Citation Styles
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●8.5Guarding Against Inadvertent Plagiarism
Guarding Against Inadvertent Plagiarism
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●8.6The Ethics of Research
The Ethics of Research
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第九章Communicating Evidence Virtually
Most readers grasp quantitative evidence more easily in tables, charts, and graphs than they do in words. But some visual forms suit particular data and messages better than others. In this chapter, we show you how to choose the graphic form that best helps readers both grasp your data and understand how they support your argument.
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●9.1Choosing Visual or Verbal Representations
Choosing Visual or Verbal Representations
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●9.2Designing Tables, Charts, and Graphs
Designing Tables, Charts, and Graphs
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●9.3Specific Guidelines for Tables, Charts, and Graphs
Specific Guidelines for Tables, Charts, and Graphs
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●9.4Communicating Data Ethically
Communicating Data Ethically
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第十章Revising Style
So far we have focused on the argument and organization of your paper. In this chapter, we show you how to revise your sentences so that readers will think they are clear and direct.
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●10.1Judging Style
Judging Style
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●10.2Make Your Central Characters the Subjects of Those Verbs
Make Your Central Characters the Subjects of Those Verbs
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●10.3Expressing Crucial Actions in Verbs
Expressing Crucial Actions in Verbs
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●10.4Old Before New
Old Before New
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●10.5Choosing between the Active and the Passive Voice
Choosing between the Active and the Passive Voice
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●10.6Complexity Last
Complexity Last
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第十一章Working Your Best
In this chapter, we’ll explain the craftsmanship attitude and provides strategies for you maintain your writing momentum.
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●11.1Writing in the Academe
Writing in the Academe
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●11.2Establishing Steady Writing Engagement
Establishing Steady Writing Engagement


